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'<p>
據英國《金融時報》報道 從百思買(Best Buy)到百安居(B&Q),許多洋品牌和商業模式都在中國遭遇了滑鐵盧。然而,原本也許是最不可能成功的西方零售理念——洋咖啡店,卻在中國得到蓬勃發展。</p>
<p style="text-align: center; ">
<img alt="" src="/uploads/allimg/150107/3-15010G9362I95.jpg" style="width: 359px; height: 300px; " /></p>
<p>
儘管中國有幾千年的飲茶歷史,來自美國、英國和韓國的咖啡連鎖店卻得以在中國迅速擴張。這些咖啡店銷售額的增長速度超過了幾乎所有中國內地的零售業務。根據來自歐睿(Euromonitor)的數據,去年咖啡連鎖店的銷售額已經比2008年的不到100億元人民幣(合16億美元)增加一倍以上,預計到2017年以前還會再增加一倍。</p>
<p>
多名零售業分析師表示,美國咖啡連鎖店星巴克實質上是在中國從頭打造了當代咖啡文化。他們指出,相比之下茶不僅僅是中國最受歡迎的飲料,還深深根植於中國的文化之中。</p>
<p>
自1999年在中國內地開設第一家分店以來,星巴克將其分店定位爲會晤朋友及靠攏西方生活方式的時尚場所。通過這種定位,星巴克目前已成爲中國內地最有名的生活時尚品牌之一。星巴克的巨大人氣甚至改變了中國人的味蕾,中國對鮮煮咖啡的消費量也日漸增加。</p>
<p>
這個市場在不斷擴大的同時,也在不斷多元化。過去幾年裏,小衆的韓式咖啡館如雨後春筍般紛紛湧現,獨立的咖啡店也在大城市裏隨處可見。此外,從麥當勞(McDonald's)和肯德基(KFC),再到日本和臺灣的便利店品牌,所有店鋪都已開始推銷鮮煮咖啡。</p>
<p>
去年,中國官方的中央電視臺(CCTV)曾向星巴克在內地的過高定價發起猛烈抨擊。然而,星巴克不但擺脫了那次攻擊的影響,還加速了其擴張步伐。這個月早些時候,星巴克曾表示,計劃在2019年以前,將旗下門店的數目增加一倍,增至3000個以上。</p>
<p>
根據咖世家咖啡(Costa Coffee)亞洲區董事總經理Esteban Liang的說法,該公司也計劃在2018年以前,將在華門店增加一倍,增至700家。咖世家咖啡是一家由Whitbread控股的咖啡連鎖店。此外,漫咖啡(Maan Coffee)也表示打算在2015年底以前,將其在中國內地的門店數目,從目前的100家擴充至200家。漫咖啡是一家人氣很高的餐館連鎖店,該連鎖店始於韓國,兼具咖啡館與休閒的特色。</p>
<p>
敏特(Mintel)零售業分析師Esther Lau表示:“可以預見,韓國、美國、英國、以及本土的咖啡連鎖店和時尚獨立咖啡館……將令市場出現極大程度的多元化,這種多元化將鞏固市場的大面積增長。”</p>
<p>
上島咖啡(UBC)是最早進入中國內地的臺灣咖啡連鎖店之一。該公司的Frank Yin表示,現在的咖啡店越多,將來就可能開設更多的咖啡店。他說:“咖啡店出現得越多,人們對咖啡就越熟悉。”</p>
<p>
不過,以市場份額來看,就在星巴克快速成長的同時,上島咖啡卻是最大的失敗者之一。根據歐睿的數據,從2008年到2013年,星巴克在中國的市場份額從12%增至31%,而上島咖啡的份額卻從33%滑落至22%。</p>
<p>
與此同時,原本幾乎不佔份額的麥當勞,也開設了800家店內麥咖啡(McCafe's)分店,將市場份額擴大至6%。同一時期內,咖世家的份額也從1%增至5.5%。直到不久以前,百勝(Yum)旗下的肯德基多數在中國內地的分店一直都不提供咖啡。然而,該公司最近也開始推銷咖啡。如今,該公司在許多一線城市的便利店也會出售鮮煮咖啡。</p>
<p>
科爾尼(AT Kearney)大中華區零售業合夥人唐仕德(Torsten Stocker)表示:“當然,競爭也在加劇。不過,在我看來,就算是上海的咖啡店密度,也無法與日本和韓國相比。”</p>
<p>
近期一個寒冷的工作日下午,上海郊區一家漫咖啡分店中的374個座位都坐滿了人,這些人以成羣結夥、大聲聊天的朋友爲主。與此同時,附近辦公樓內的星巴克裏也差不多是滿座,這裏的顧客則以用筆記本電腦工作或與同事會談的個人爲主。</p>
<p>
更令人喫驚的是,越來越多的中國內地人不只是惠顧咖啡店而已,他們還會購買咖啡飲料,而不是過去更受歡迎的非咖啡類飲料。</p>
<p>
在談到深受中國內地新興喝咖啡人羣歡迎的甜奶油速溶咖啡時,唐仕德表示:“即使和五年前相比,人們對咖啡風味的鑑賞能力也大大提高。五年前,對多數人來說,咖啡就是雀巢3合一。”</p>
<p>
敏特的Esther Lau表示,考慮到中國內地目前每人平均咖啡消費量只有每年4杯,咖啡銷售行業還有很大的成長空間。</p>
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0 => '320',
),
'is_post' => 1,
'mobile_domain' => '',
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'https://gafei.com/list-zixun/waiguokafeixinxi.html',
'total' => 13,
'field' =>
array (
),
),
323 =>
array (
'id' => '323',
'pid' => '2',
'pids' => '0,1,2',
'name' => '7月資訊',
'dirname' => '7yuezixun',
'pdirname' => 'kafeixinwen/zixun/',
'child' => 0,
'childids' => 323,
'thumb' => '',
'show' => '1',
'setting' =>
array (
'edit' => 1,
'disabled' => 0,
'getchild' => 1,
'linkurl' => '',
'urlrule' => 3,
'seo' =>
array (
'list_title' => '[第{page}頁{join}]{catpname}{join}{modname}{join}{SITE_NAME}',
'list_keywords' => '',
'list_description' => '',
),
'template' =>
array (
'pagesize' => 20,
'mpagesize' => 20,
'page' => 'page.html',
'list' => 'list.html',
'category' => 'category.html',
'search' => 'search.html',
'show' => 'show.html',
),
'cat_field' => '',
'module_field' => '',
'html' => 0,
),
'displayorder' => '0',
'acount' => '1',
'namerule' => '{typedir}{Y}{M}{D}{aid}.html',
'namerule2' => '{typedir}/list_{tid}_{page}.html',
'mid' => 'article',
'pcatpost' => 1,
'topid' => '1',
'domain' => '',
'catids' =>
array (
0 => '323',
),
'is_post' => 1,
'mobile_domain' => '',
'tid' => 1,
'url' => 'https://gafei.com/list-7yuezixun.html',
'total' => 1,
'field' =>
array (
),
),
) |
urlrule |
'/views-21773-[page].html' |
fix_html_now_url |
'' |
my_web_url |
'https://1lo.gafei.com/views-21773' |
get |
array (
's' => 'article',
'c' => 'show',
'id' => '21773',
'm' => 'index',
) |